MEANS (Media Informasi Analisa dan Sistem) https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means <p><strong><span style="color: blue;">Jurnal MEANS</span></strong> berdiri sejak Tahun 2016 dengan SK dari LIPI yaitu<strong> p-ISSN : 2548-6985 (Print)</strong> dan <strong>e-ISSN : 2599-3089 (Online)</strong> Terbit dua kali setiap Tahunnya yaitu Periode I <strong><span style="color: red;">Bulan Juni</span></strong> dan Periode II <strong><span style="color: red;">Bulan Desember</span></strong> <strong> Hasil Plagirisme Maksimal 25%, Lebih dari 25% <span style="color: red;">Artikel Tidak Bisa Publish</span></strong>. Ruang lingkup publikasi ini adalah untuk bidang Ilmu Komputer.</p> <p><strong><a href="http://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/management/settings/context/#">Terakreditasi SINTA Peringkat 4</a></strong></p> en-US tonni.budidarma@gmail.com (Mr. Lamhot Sitorus) alex_rikki@ust.ac.id (Alex Rikki) Min, 22 Des 2024 14:28:55 +0100 OJS 3.2.1.4 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Perbandingan Kinerja Algoritma Prefix Code C2 dan LZW Dalam Mengkompresi File Gambar https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4081 <p>Data compression plays a crucial role in reducing file sizes, particularly for image files, to conserve storage space and accelerate data transmission. This study eval_uates the performance of two widely-used compression algorithms: Prefix Code C2 and LZW, focusing on their effectiveness in compressing image files. The research involves a comparative analysis of the Prefix Code C2 and LZW algorithms based on several performance metrics, such as file size post-compression, compression speed, and decompression speed. The experimental results highlight that each algorithm has specific strengths and weaknesses depending on the image type and characteristics. The Prefix Code C2 algorithm demonstrates superior compression ratios for images with high levels of repetition, whereas the LZW algorithm outperforms in both compression and decompression speed for images with more intricate color variations. These insights can assist in selecting the most suitable compression algorithm for different types of image files.</p> Kevin Raihan, Pristiwanto Copyright (c) 2024 Kevin Raihan, Pristiwanto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4081 Min, 22 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Kombinasi Algoritma K-Means Dan DBSCAN Dalam Identifikasi Anomali Pada Data Log Server https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4079 <p>Detecting anomalies in server log data is a crucial element of information system management and security. This research seeks to develop a method for identifying anomalies by integrating two well-known clustering algorithms: K-Means and DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise). K-Means is effective at partitioning data into clusters based on average distances, while DBSCAN excels at detecting anomalies or noise in datasets without a distinct cluster structure. In this study, K-Means is employed for initial clustering of server log data to reveal general patterns and group similar data. The results from K-Means clustering are then examined using DBSCAN to detect anomalies more accurately. Combining these two algorithms aims to enhance anomaly detection accuracy by leveraging the strengths of each approach. The research was performed on a server log dataset encompassing various server activities. The effectiveness of this combined approach was assessed by comparing its anomaly detection performance against the individual K-Means and DBSCAN methods, as well as other anomaly detection techniques. Experimental results indicate that the K-Means and DBSCAN combination successfully improves anomaly detection rates by reducing both false positives and false negatives compared to using each algorithm independently.</p> Rico Puji Irawan, Sony Bahagia Sinaga Copyright (c) 2024 Rico Puji Irawan, Sony Bahagia Sinaga http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4079 Min, 22 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Penerapan Algoritma Salsa20 Untuk Mengamankan Sandi Akun Virtual https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4078 <p>The application of the SALSA20 algorithm in securing virtual account passwords aims to increase the security of users' personal data in an increasingly complex digital era. The SALSA20 algorithm, which is known as one of the efficient and secure stream cipher algorithms, has superior characteristics in terms of speed and resistance to cryptanalysis attacks. This research explores the implementation of SALSA20 in a virtual account password security system, testing the performance of this algorithm under various conditions and comparing it with other commonly used cryptographic algorithms, such as AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). The research results show that SALSA20 is able to provide a high level of security with a faster execution time compared to several other algorithms. Testing includes analysis of encryption and decryption speed, system resource usage, as well as resistance to various types of attacks, such as brute force and differential analysis attacks. In addition, the integration of SALSA20 in real applications shows that this algorithm is easy to implement and provides significant protection against attempts to steal user passwords and personal data.</p> Muhammad Abdul Rasyid Hasibuan, Sinar Sinurat Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Abdul Rasyid Hasibuan, Sinar Sinurat http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4078 Min, 22 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Analisa Perbandingan Algoritma Goldbach dan LZW pada File WAV https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4076 <p>WAV stands for Waveform Audio Format, an audio file standard developed by Microsoft and IBM. It is a variant of the RIFF bitstream format, similar to the IFF and AIFF formats used on Amiga and Macintosh systems. Both WAV and AIFF are compatible with Windows and Macintosh platforms. Although WAV files can contain compressed audio, they are typically used for uncompressed audio. The WAV format is part of Microsoft's RIFF specification for multimedia file storage. Compression is the process of reducing file size without significantly compromising data quality. The effectiveness of compression is eval_uated based on factors such as compression time, memory usage, output quality, and the final file format. This research suggests that compressing audio files can help optimize hard disk space. Various compression algorithms are available, and reducing audio file size can enhance storage efficiency.</p> Muhammad Bima Arya Irawan, Pristiwanto Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Bima Arya Irawan, Pristiwanto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4076 Min, 22 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Rancang Sistem Informasi Aplikasi Praktikum Simulasi Perbankan https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4190 <p><em>Currently, the learning process in the field of banking predominantly relies on approaches, focusing on the delivery of theoretical concepts with minimal practical application through personal computer use. As a result, students lack real-world experience related to the operational aspects of banking systems as they occur in the workplace. Therefore, this study aims to design a banking system that integrates various key components of banking activities, with adjustments according to the specific functions of each component</em></p> Muhamad Sidik, Triloka Mahesti, In’am Fanany Z A Copyright (c) 2024 Muhamad Sidik, Triloka Mahesti, In’am Fanany Z A http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4190 Min, 22 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Analisis Efektivitas Penggunaan Quiziz Menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model Pada SMP XXX Penajam https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4347 <p>This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using Quizizz in learning at SMP XXXX Penajam by employing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The model eval_uates factors such as perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) to understand students’ attitudes toward using Quizizz. Data were collected through surveys of 80 students and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results reveal that PEOU significantly influences PU, which subsequently affects students’ intentions to use Quizizz. Quizizz has been proven to enhance students' motivation and understanding of the lesson material. This study provides insights into the importance of educational technology in creating more interactive and effective learning experiences.</p> Zulmajedi Ihza Mahendra Shabraniti, Joy Nashar Utamajaya Copyright (c) 2024 Zulmajedi Ihza Mahendra Shabraniti, Joy Nashar Utamajaya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4347 Sen, 23 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Analisis Kepuasaan Penggunaan Aplikasi Kasir Majoo di Penajam Paser Utara dengan Metode Technology Acceptance Model https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4072 <p>The rapid advancement of information technology has significantly impacted various aspects of life, including business operations. This study aims to eval_uate user satisfaction with the Majoo cash register application in Penajam Paser Utara using the TAM. Through a survey conducted in 2023, involving 100 respondents who have used Majoo for at least three months, data were collected using a structured questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. Statistical analysis using SPSS revealed high user satisfaction, with PU &nbsp;and PEOU &nbsp;significantly influencing overall satisfaction. The results indicate that both PU and PEOU &nbsp;&nbsp;are critical determinants of user satisfaction, consistent with previous TAM research. These findings provide insights for developers to enhance application features and improve user experience.</p> Eva Selvin Sura Tangkelangi, Joy Nashar Utamajaya Copyright (c) 2024 Eva Selvin Sura Tangkelangi, Joy Nashar Utamajaya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4072 Sen, 23 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Tracer Study Berbasis Android di Politeknik Pelayaran Sulawesi Utara https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4247 <p>Advancements in information technology have simplified various aspects of human life, including in the education sector. One important tool for monitoring the effectiveness of higher education is a tracer study information system, which allows educational institutions to gather data on alumni and their contributions to the workforce. Politeknik Pelayaran Sulawesi Utara (PPSU), as a higher education institution under the Ministry of Transportation, faces challenges in managing alumni data that are dispersed across various regions in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to design and develop an Android-based tracer study application to streamline the management of alumni data more efficiently and accurately. The research methodology employed is the waterfall model, which includes the stages of planning, analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The findings of this study indicate that the developed Android-based tracer study application can assist in managing alumni data more efficiently, allowing administrators to obtain real-time information from anywhere. This application also provides convenience for alumni to update their information while offering constructive feedback to improve the quality of education at PPSU. Based on the test results, the application is deemed feasible and effective for use in managing alumni data. This research is expected to serve as a reference for the development of similar systems at other higher education institutions and contribute to the improvement of higher education quality in Indonesia.</p> Santun Irawan, Aliong Silalahi, Frisca Mareyta Pongoh, Yustiani Frastika, Azhar Ariansyah Ansar Copyright (c) 2024 Santun Irawan, Aliong Silalahi, Frisca Mareyta Pongoh, Yustiani Frastika, Azhar Ariansyah Ansar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4247 Sel, 24 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Implementasi Augmented Reality Pengenalan Tokoh Pahlawan dan Tarian pada Uang Kertas Rupiah https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/3994 <p><em>This research is motivated by the need for more interactive and interesting learning media in introducing the history of heroes and traditional dances contained in the 2022 emission rupiah banknotes to 5th grade students at SDS Wahidiyah Denpasar. Augmented Reality (AR) application based on marker-based tracking was developed to visualize 3D objects of heroes and dances interactively through Android smartphones. The results showed that the use of AR applications significantly improved student understanding, with an average pre-test score of 47.81 points which increased after the application was used in the learning process. Hopefully, the results of this research will not only increase students' interest and understanding of national history, but also encourage innovation in learning methods in elementary schools through the use of AR technology.</em></p> Putri Elvina Eldayanti, Gerson Feoh, Prastyadi Wibawa Rahayu Copyright (c) 2024 Putri Elvina Eldayanti, Gerson Feoh, Prastyadi Wibawa Rahayu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/3994 Sel, 24 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Klasifikasi Gambar Aksara Jawa Menggunakan Optimalisasi Parameter SVM dengan Kernel Cosine https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4357 <p>Pattern recognition of Javanese script (Hanacaraka) plays a vital role in cultural preservation through digital technology. This study aims to develop a classification model for Javanese script images using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a Cosine similarity kernel, supported by parameter optimization to enhance accuracy. A dataset of 4,385 images underwent preprocessing and feature extraction using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG). SVM parameter optimization via GridSearchCV resulted in a significant accuracy improvement. The proposed model achieved a 99.84% accuracy, outperforming previous methods such as CNN-SVM and DCNN. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of Cosine similarity in Javanese script recognition and contributes to the advancement of machine learning-based classification systems.</p> Aji Priyambodo, Prihati Copyright (c) 2024 Aji Priyambodo, Prihati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4357 Sel, 24 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Implementasi Framework Laravel Pada Sistem Penyewaan Lapangan Futsal Menggunakan Metode Waterfall Di Global Sport Futsal https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4023 <p><em>The purpose of this research is to construct a web-based futsal court rental system at Global Sport Futsal using the Laravel framework and the Waterfall approach. This facility, which is situated on Jalan Mudutaki Dalung, now uses manual booking procedures, which causes problems including scheduling conflicts and inefficiencies. By allowing users to verify court availability and make appointments online, the proposed system seeks to expedite the reservation process by avoiding record-keeping mistakes and the necessity for in-person attendance. Features like cost computation, payment confirmation, real-time booking validation, and account registration are all included in the system. It is anticipated that the deployment of this computerized leasing system would improve operational effectiveness for Global Sport Futsal's clients as well as management</em>.</p> Andre Ardiman, Gerson Feoh, I Made Dwi Ardiada Copyright (c) 2024 Andre Ardiman, Gerson Feoh, I Made Dwi Ardiada http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4023 Kam, 26 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Baitulmal Berbasis Website Menggunakan Metode Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4125 <p>Majelis Dzikir Tasbih Indonesia is an official legal organization for Indonesian Muslims who routinely perform the Sunnah Tasbih Prayer together. This organization has hundreds of thousands of members spread across all branches in Indonesia. As a large organization, Majelis Dzikir Tasbih Indonesia manages finances through contributions and zakat from all its members. However, financial management is still carried out conventionally by involving treasurers in each branch, who then report to the central treasurer every month using Microsoft Office Excel. This method makes it difficult to search for data in a certain period because the data is spread across various worksheets or separate files. In addition, the collection and distribution of zakat that is not properly recorded reduces the level of member trust in financial management. Based on these problems, this study aims to develop website-based information technology, namely the financial information system of Majelis Dzikir Tasbih Indonesia. This system is expected to help manage finances and disseminate information related to charity activities more widely, quickly, safely, in real time, and transparently. The Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) method will be used in the development of this system, because it offers benefits such as not being dependent on other functions (loose coupling), can be reused in various projects or situations without having to start from scratch (reusability), and can be integrated with various applications (service sharing).</p> Arsito Ari Kuncoro, Siswanto , Didik Setio Nugroho Copyright (c) 2024 Arsito Ari Kuncoro, Siswanto , Didik Setio Nugroho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4125 Kam, 26 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Produksi Berorientasi Layanan Menggunakan Pendekatan SOA https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4124 <p>Green Mukti is a youth group founded by the Jatilor village government, Godong District, Grobogan Regency, with the aim of increasing the participation of the younger generation in the agricultural sector, especially in rice production, from planting to processing. However, over time, several problems have emerged, such as inconsistencies in the quality of production results or loss of rice raw materials due to errors in recording during harvest. Therefore, more effective monitoring is needed to ensure that the rice production process runs smoothly. One solution that can be applied is the development of a website with a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) approach. SOA is an architectural style that offers benefits such as flexibility, reuse in various projects, and integration with various applications. With this service-based website, all stages of production can be monitored and controlled, thereby reducing errors, maintaining quality, and ensuring the availability of rice.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Bagus Sudirman, Eko Siswanto , Didik Setio Nugroho Copyright (c) 2024 Bagus Sudirman, Eko Siswanto , Didik Setio Nugroho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4124 Kam, 26 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Analisa Perancangan Sistem Barcode Pada Departemen Kain Di PT Samwon Busana Indonesia Semarang https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4024 <p>For warehouse management, PT Samwon Busana Indonesia Semarang still uses a manual system until now. For example, operators use computers to summarize the data entered after writing down the fabric requirements on paper and sticking them on the fabric. Likewise, all recording tasks are completed manually when storing and issuing fabrics. This manual recording also has constraints, namely increasing the delay time from when the fabric arrives until it is sent to the production section. Operators often need time to enter data and find a place to store the fabric that will be given to the production section, which causes the process to be delayed and has an impact on several things, such as time and cost. The purpose of this project is to create a barcode-based inventory system that will help the Fabric Department of PT Samwon Busana Indonesia Semarang in recording products, outgoing goods, incoming goods, and stock of goods using the FIFO approach. Inventory of goods at PT Samwon Busana Indonesia Semarang can be managed through the use of a <em>barcode</em> system in the Fabric Department. This system consists of a transaction process for incoming goods that has the potential to increase stock of goods and transactions for outgoing goods that have the potential to reduce stock of goods automatically using the FIFO approach</p> Mei Anggaeni, Muji Sukur Copyright (c) 2024 Mei Anggaeni, Muji Sukur http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4024 Kam, 26 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Analisis Niat dan Frekuensi Penggunaan Platform Social E-Commerce di Balikpapan Menggunakan Metode TAM https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/3991 <p>This study analyzes the intention and frequency of using <em>social e-commerce</em> platforms in Balikpapan by employing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The research focuses on understanding how perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness affect users' intentions to engage with these platforms and their actual usage frequency. Using a survey method, data were collected from 150 participants residing in Balikpapan. The results indicate that both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a significant impact on users' intentions, which in turn influences their frequency of usage. These findings provide insights for platform developers and marketers aiming to enhance user engagement in emerging e-commerce markets.</p> Muhammad Nur Rahmi, Joy Nashar Utamajaya Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Nur Rahmi, Joy Nashar Utamajaya http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/3991 Kam, 26 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Energy Efficiency Analysis of LED, CFL, and Incandescent Bulbs with Smart Energy Management (SEM) Technology https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4464 <p>This study focuses on the comparative energy efficiency analysis of LED, CFL, and incandescent bulbs to assess the potential savings offered by LED technology. With growing global concerns about energy consumption and carbon reduction, it is essential to eval_uate lighting options based on energy efficiency. Incandescent bulbs, though widely used, are inefficient as they emit more energy as heat than light. Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) are more energy-efficient but have a shorter lifespan compared to LEDs, making them less environmentally friendly. In this research, the real-time power consumption of each bulb type is measured using ACS712 and ZMPT101B sensors, connected to an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller. The ACS712 sensor is used to monitor electrical current, while the ZMPT101B sensor detects voltage, enabling accurate energy consumption calculations. All bulbs are tested under identical conditions, providing clear, comparative data on their energy efficiencies. The analysis demonstrates that LED bulbs not only offer lower energy consumption but also result in long-term environmental and economic benefits. These findings suggest significant savings in electricity costs, supporting the shift towards energy-efficient LED lighting.</p> Lawrence Adi Supriyono, Yuli Fitrianto, Dwi Setiawan, Kartiko Eko Putranto, Amalia Shifa Aldila Copyright (c) 2024 Lawrence Adi Supriyono, Yuli Fitrianto, Dwi Setiawan, Kartiko Eko Putranto, Amalia Shifa Aldila http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4464 Jum, 27 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Implementasi Augmented Reality Sebagai Media Promosi dan Visualisasi Bangunan Rumah https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4490 <p><em>Augmented reality in advertising and visualization of residential buildings to facilitate the provision of information and the presentation of information to consumers and potential consumers in residential areas for the bidding and presentation process, using fewer paper brochures and reducing the waste of paper and energy required to disseminate information there. This new technology will certainly increase the attractiveness and improve the efficiency of information transfer. This augmented reality application is a technology that allows objects or information to be displayed in 3D and viewed from a perspective that is very similar to the shape of the original object. The method used to create this application is (research and development). The steps include analyzing the potential and problems through preliminary research through desk study of field research, data collection through observation, and data collection through research</em></p> Husen Prabowo, Anna Dina Kalifia, Saucha Diwandari Copyright (c) 2024 Husen Prabowo, Anna Dina Kalifia, Saucha Diwandari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4490 Min, 29 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100 Heterogeneous Multiple Classifiers Mengunakan C4.5, K-Nearest Neighbor dan Naïve Bayes untuk Menentukan Tingkat Pembaharuan Polis Asuransi Jiwa https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4492 <p>At a time when the insurance business is increasingly competitive, it requires insurance companies to have innovations in increasing the number of customers. With information from existing customer data, insurance companies can make decisions in implementing company strategies, including determining insurance customer decisions on the sustainability of life insurance policies. Data mining can form a pattern or create a trait of business behavior that is useful for decision making. In this research a Heterogeneous Multiple Classifiers prediction model was built using Majority Voting by combining C4.5, K-Nearest Neighbor and Naïve Bayes to determine the renewal rate of life insurance policies. The Heterogeneous Multiple Classifiers model that was built produced an accuracy value of 94.61%,&nbsp; precision value of 95.20%,&nbsp; recall value of 94.60% and an F-Measure value of 94.60%. The performance value generated by the Heterogeneous Multiple Classifiers based prediction model is higher than the performance value of the Single Classifier based prediction model. It is hoped that this method can increase the income of life insurance companies, for example by offering a promotional program for insurance policy renewal to customers who are predicted to extend or not to extend their insurance policies.</p> Reni Utami, Irfan Nurdiansyah Copyright (c) 2024 Reni Utami, Irfan Nurdiansyah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/Jurnal_Means/article/view/4492 Jum, 27 Des 2024 00:00:00 +0100