KONSEP KEBAJIKAN THOMAS AQUINAS SEBAGAI LANDASAN PARADIGMATIS BAGI MANAJEMEN DAN KEPEMIMPINAN KRISTIANI
Keywords:
Christian leadership, Management, Spiritual ethics, Thomas Aquinas, VirtueAbstract
This study aims to analyse Thomas Aquinas’s concept of virtue as a foundation for developing a Christian leadership management model that integrates moral and spiritual dimensions within the context of global challenges. Amid increasing social, economic, and technological complexity, Christian leadership must move beyond efficiency to cultivate character rooted in love, integrity, and responsibility. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method through a literature review of Aquinas’s works, the Catechism of the Catholic Church, and contemporary philosophical and managerial literature. The findings indicate that leaders are ethically motivated by four cardinal virtues—prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. Meanwhile, the three theological virtues—faith, hope, and charity—provide spiritual orientation toward moral perfection and union with God. Integrating these two categories of virtues enriches modern management functions—planning, organizing, leading, and controlling—by grounding them in justice, empathy, and compassion. The case study of Saint Óscar Romero illustrates the practical application of virtues in Christian leadership through courage, solidarity, and a deep commitment to human dignity amid social injustice. Therefore, the paradigm of Christian leadership based on Aquinas’s virtue ethics offers an ethical and transformative leadership model centred on the bonum commune (common good), reflecting moral excellence and divine love.References
Alford, H., & Naughton, M. (2001). Managing as if faith mattered: Christian social principles in the modern organization. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
Alkitab Deuterokanonika. (2006). Alkitab Deuterokanonika. Jakarta: Lembaga Alkitab Indonesia.
Austin, N. (2017). Aquinas on virtue: A causal reading. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. California: Sage Publications.
Domingo, R. (2021). Óscar Arnulfo Romero y Galdámez (El Salvador, 1917–80). In M. C. Mirow & R. Domingo (Eds.), Law and Christianity in Latin America: The work of great jurists. London: Routledge.
Dyck, B., & Kleysen, R. (2001). Aristotle’s virtues and management thought: An empirical exploration of an integrative pedagogy. Business Ethics Quarterly, 11(4), 561–574. https://doi.org/10.2307/3857761
Ginting, A. F., & Adon, M. J. (2024). Harmoni filsafat dan teologi dalam pemikiran Thomas Aquinas: Kontribusi terhadap pemahaman kebenaran ilahi. Gaudium Vestrum: Jurnal Kateketik Pastoral, 8(2), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.61831/gvjkp.v8i2.238
Harris, H. (2007). Traditional virtues and contemporary management. Philosophy of Management, 6(2), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.5840/pom20086235
Katekismus Gereja Katolik. (1995). (H. Embuiru, Penerj.). Katekismus Gereja Katolik. Ende: Percetakan Arnoldus Yansen.
Koopman, N. N. (2021). Justice through virtuous leadership and decision making: The witness that was Mary-Anne Elizabeth Plaatjies-Van Huffel. Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae, 47(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/8285
Mangape, I., Pakila, M., Pappang, A., Limbolele, E., & Abijaner. (2025). Model kepemimpinan Kristen yang relevan untuk pemuda dalam konteks kontemporer. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Keguruan, 3(4), 189–203.
Mbugua, J. D. K., Muhenda, J., & Waitherero, S. N. (2019). St. Thomas Aquinas understanding of virtues. International Journal of Applied Science and Research, 2(5), 132–143.
Meftah, A. R. (2014). Thomas Aquinas on the classification of virtues. Revelatory Ethics, 4(2), 129–148. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.23833025.1393.4.2.6.2
Moore, G. (2008). Re-imagining the morality of management: A modern virtue ethics approach. Business Ethics Quarterly, 18(4), 483–511. https://doi.org/10.2307/27673250
Nadeak, L. (2004). Habitus operativus bonus: Keutamaan menurut St. Thomas Aquinas. LOGOS: Jurnal Filsafat-Teologi, 3(2), 94–101. https://doi.org/10.54367/logos.v3i2.387
Nadeak, L. (2022). Mengenal dan menghayati keutamaan keteguhan. LOGOS: Jurnal Filsafat-Teologi, 19(1), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.54367/logos.v19i1.1635
Panggabean, J. Z. Z. (2022). Virtue dalam pendidikan karakter Kristiani. Dunamis: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani, 6(2), 691–707. https://doi.org/10.30648/DUN.V6I2.671
Setiawan, W., & Riyanto, A. (2023). Refleksi filosofi teologis tentang Allah Sang Ada dalam metafisika Thomas Aquinas. Jurnal Humaniora dan Teknologi, 9(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.34128/jht.v9i2.143
Smith, J. (2017). Virtue and principles in management. In A. Sison, G. Beabout, & I. Ferrero (Eds.), Handbook of virtue ethics in business and management. Dordrecht: Springer.
Wamalwa, P. W. (2023). Introduction to management theory. Nairobi: Syntec Publishers.
