Muse: Jurnal of Art

WOMEN`S FREEDOM IN TONI MORRISON`S SULA

Bertova Simanihuruk, Naomi Fatricia Surbakti — Kam, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0100

This study examines the concept of women’s freedom in Toni Morrison's Sula, an important and relevant topic, particularly within the context of a patriarchal culture that continues to shape the lives of many women. The research focuses on the family and societal factors influencing women’s experiences. Employing a narrative qualitative methodology, the primary data is derived from Sula by Toni Morrison, supplemented by relevant literature from library research. The study applies feminist theory as proposed by Soenarjati Djajanegara, emphasizing the impact of family expectations and social conventions on individuals and their roles within society. The findings reveal that two key components shape women’s lives: family expectations and social conventions. Family expectations are often portrayed as burdens that restrict women’s freedom, while social conventions are the traditional norms, rules, and gender roles that govern how women are expected to behave, interact, and live. The analysis concludes that women need freedom to empower themselves and realize their potential. However, this freedom must not lead to self-destruction or harm to others, as such outcomes can result in women’s downfall.

WOMEN`S TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES IN TONI MORRISON`S BELOVED

Pioro Benevolent Lariesto, Friston Simalango — Kam, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0100

This thesis explores the traumatic experiences of women in Toni Morrison's Beloved. It employs a qualitative narrative research approach as proposed by Creswell, with data collected through a compilation of stories. The theoretical framework is feminism, which is understood as both a social movement and a field of study aimed at elevating women's status within patriarchal societies or environments. The analysis focuses on loss and violence as key factors in the trauma experienced by women subjected to slavery. This study identifies two primary causes of women's trauma: loss, as exemplified by Sethe, who endures severe trauma under slavery, and violence, which she faces at the hands of slave owners and through systemic oppression. The novel reveals how trauma, loss, and violence not only devastate individual lives but also shape collective experiences of suffering and the ongoing struggle for identity and freedom. The study concludes that Toni Morrison illustrates that women's traumatic experiences encompass various dimensions, primarily loss and violence.

BULLYING IN JENNIFER NIVEN’SALL THE BRIGHT PLACES

Rosa Maria Simamora, Bonar Gurning, Abigail Victoria L. Tobing — Kam, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0100

This article describes bullying in Jennifer Niven's All the Bright Places. In this novel, Niven clearly presents Finch, the main character of the story, as a representation of people who becomes the victim of bullying by his father and his school community and end in commiting suicide. This study uses narrative qualitative research and applies literary sociology theory by Wellek and Warren saying that the work of literature, the purpose as well as the things that are implicit in the work itself and that are related to social problems. The analysis is focused on bullying of Finch, the main character of the novel, who committed suicide because he had been bullied physically, verbally and cyberly at home and school. Physical bullying is represented by Finch's father and Roamer. Verbal bullying is represented by Finch's father, Roamer, Amanda Monk, and his other school-mates. Cyberbullying is represented by his school community. He feels no one likes him or understands his feelings neither his parents nor his school community. In conclusion, Jennifer Niven in All the Bright Places vividly and beautifully conveys a moral message about bullying and its effect on people which leads to suicide.

“UNDERSTANDING”: ESSENCE OF HERMENEUTIC

Anselmus Chartino Ade — Kam, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0100

Understanding refers to an ability to reach someone's personality. The focus point of hermeneutic philosophy is “the art of understanding”. Hermeneutic philosophers pay special attention to the interpretation and application of texts. Various things explain the difference further, such as: understanding with the heart and knowing with the head, understanding the whole and knowing part, understanding the depth and knowing the surface. People who have just arrived at knowing have not yet understood. The word hermeneutics or in English - hermeneutics can be derived from the Greek word hermeneuein which means “to translate” or “to act as an interpreter”. In the activity of translating a foreign language text into our own language, we must first understand and then try to articulate our understanding to others through our choice of words and series of translations. If we talk about hermeneutics in philosophy, we must take into account the distinctive contribution of the humanists in the Renaissance, because it was through them that the activity of interpretation was extended beyond the discipline of biblical studies and entered non-religious areas.

THE TRANSLATION OF METAPHORS FROM ENGLISH INTO TOBA BATAK IN OLD TESTAMENT BIBLE

Jon Piter Situmorang, Ayu Rista Sihotang — Kam, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0100

This article deals with the translation of metaphors from English to Toba Batak. The data were from the Old Testament Bible. The article aims at exploring how metaphors are translated and adapted into the Toba Batak language. The researchers categorized them into four types anthropomorphic image metaphors, animal image metaphors. Abstract metaphors, and synesthesia imagery metaphors. The research uses Parera’s theory of metaphor as the analytical framework. The results show that most metaphors are translated metaphorically, yet there are cases where the translation deviates to fit the cultural context of the Toba Batak language. The findings highlight the linguistic and cultural challenges in translating metaphors across languages with different cultural references and religious interpretations. This research contributes to a better understanding of the complexities involved in metaphor translation, especially in religious texts.

WOMEN’S PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT IN SANDRA CISNEROS’ THE HOUSE ON MANGO STREET

Welen Friade Sinaga, Pioro Benevolent Lariesto, Putri Helentina Marpaung — Jum, 31 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0100

The development of women’s personality is an important and relevant topic, particularly in the context of patriarchal cultures that continue to influence the lives of many women. This study examines the family and social factors that contribute to the development of women's personalities. Employing a narrative qualitative methodology, the primary data is drawn from the novel The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros, with additional insights obtained through library research. The study is framed through the feminist-psychology theory proposed by Karen Horney, which emphasizes that women's personalities are closely tied to their social and cultural environments. The findings reveal two key factors that shape women's personality development: family influences, which are impacted by parental support and financial difficulties, and social influences, which primarily stem from peers and the surrounding neighborhood.