Integrasi Artificial Intelligence Pada Aplikasi ERP: Systematic Literature Review
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Enterprise Resource Planning, Scopus, Integration, Systematic Literature ReviewAbstract
Perkembangan aplikasi ERP mencerminkan upaya terus-menerus untuk mengintegrasikan dan menyederhanakan proses bisnis yang kompleks, dengan memanfaatkan teknologi terbaru untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas operasional perusahaan sesuai peningkatan kebutuhan sistem oleh para pengguna. Adanya peningkatan aplikasi ERP membuat membuat kebutuhan pengguna bertambah. Yang menjadi permasalahan kebutuhan pengguna saat ini tidak berhenti sampai disitu saja namun berkembang ingin dapat memprakiraan apa yang akan terjadi kemudian (predictive), lalu kejadian apa yang sering terjadi dan keputusan apa yang sebaiknya dapat diambil (prescriptive) serta proses keberlanjutan dari pengambilan keputusan dalam bisnisnya. Solusi yang dipilih adalah bagaimana ERP menjadi green software, dengan bantuan integrasi Artificial Intelligence (AI) yang memungkinkan sistem ERP untuk tidak hanya bekerja lebih efisien tetapi juga dengan lebih sedikit sumber daya energi, mengurangi emisi karbon, dan mendukung keberlanjutan lingkungan. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review, melalui tahapan formulasi pertanyaan penelitian, strategi pencarian, ekstraksi data, pemetaan data dan analisis data. Adapun pencarian dilakukan melalui database Scopus pada periode Juli 2024. Dari hasil pencarian ditemukan sebanyak 576 paper dan kemudian setelah diseleksi hanya untuk terbitan 5 tahun terakhir dikarenakan perkembangan cepat untuk bidang teknologi informasi maka diperoleh sebanyak 336 paper. Setelah dilakukan pembatasan area berdasarkan subjek, keyword, tipe dokumen dan bahasa yang digunakan maka diperoleh 174 paper. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penelitian integrasi Artificial Intelligence dalam Enterprise Resource Planning terbagi menjadi 2 (dua) cluster utama yaitu system-process dan application. Integrasi AI dengan ERP, secara signifikan meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan produktivitas perusahaan dengan otomatisasi tugas-tugas rutin, analisis data yang lebih cerdas, dan pengambilan keputusan yang didukung data secara real-time. AI membantu dalam mengoptimalkan proses bisnis, seperti manajemen rantai pasokan, manajemen inventaris, dan prediksi permintaan dan pengambilan keputusan, yang berkontribusi pada penghematan biaya dan peningkatan kinerja. Dengan memanfaatkan machine learning dan analisis prediktif, AI memberikan wawasan yang lebih mendalam dan akurat dari data ERP, memungkinkan pengambilan keputusan yang lebih cepat dan berdasarkan informasi serta pengetahuan yang lebih baik.References
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